Spray drying is a process used to transform fine primary powder into larger granules which provide better characteristics (e.g. flowability, pressability etc.). Our simulations focus on the evolution of the microstructure of the individual granules. Hence, the video shows an individual drop consisting of particles (spheres) and a liquid (only its surface is displayed). During the drying, the liquid surface recedes due to evaporation and causes the particles to form a spherical structure. Varying parameters such as surface tension, particle cohesion, friction and size distribution allows to study their impact on the final shape and structure of the granule.

This video shows the drying of a silver ink micro droplet on a solid substrates. The simulation is carried out using the discrete element method (DEM) which is combined with an analytic solution of the fluid motion via one-way-coupling. For visualization of the patterns of solid sediment after drying, only the solid content of the nano-suspension (i.e. the silver particles) is shown. This method can be used e.g. to determine the optimum solid content for a given drop size and a desired sediment pattern (i.e. ring shaped vs fully covered).

With water shortages a growing problem around the world recycling waste water has become increasingly important. Made by euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe.

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