It is well understood that the dynamics of sunspots lead to energy being transferred to the solar atmosphere and stored in the coronal magnetic field. This provides a surplus of energy that may be released in solar eruptions. The driving mechanisms for this energy transfer may include sunspot rotations, both within individual sunspots and between sunspot pairs. Calculation of the rotations of individual sunspots have been carried out by several authors, but studies of the rotation of sunspot pairs has been less systematically investigated. Read more at https://espos.stream/2024/06/13/Proverbs/.

Small solar flares, or microflares (GOES B class and fainter), are frequent bursts of energy released in the Sun’s atmosphere, exhibiting heating and particle acceleration similar to that of large flares. X-ray observations provide direct diagnostics to study these processes by examining thermal emission from the hot flare loops and non-thermal emission from accelerated electrons. We present analysis of the X-ray emission from small solar flares jointly observed with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and the Spectrometer Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on Solar Orbiter, providing different viewing angles of each event. NuSTAR is a highly sensitive X-ray imaging spectrometer that can directly image the Sun from 2.5 keV using focusing optics. Read more at https://espos.s

Manuel Luna, Jaume Terradas

Solar filaments (also called prominences when seen off-disk) are solar atmospheric structures consisting of dense, cool plasma clouds floating within the sun’s corona. Since the beginning of solar observations, it has been seen that the prominences oscillate with a wide variety of motions. These periodic motions are very common, but there are no systematic studies of these oscillations. It has recently been shown that spectral analysis of solar filaments is a powerful tool to identify oscillations in these structures. With this technique, the power spectral density (PSD) is calculated for each pixel of the Halpha images. To differentiate between a detection or a spurious oscillation, it is necessary to determine the background noise. Read more at https://espos.stream/2024/10/17/Castello/.